^^ The Mighty and the Almighty: Vladimir Putin
http://www.theosthinktank.co.uk/comment/2015/11/26/the-mighty-and-the-almighty-vladimir-putin
Alister Campbell’s “We don’t do God” is one of most (mis)quoted soundbites of the age but, however much it might have been right concerning his political master (and therein lies a debate), it is certainly not true of all contemporary political leaders. Indeed, it is striking how many global political leaders are Christian believers and how far their faith shapes and is shaped by their politics – for better or for worse.
Over coming months, Theos is publishing a collection of essays that examines how a range of recent and contemporary leaders have ‘done God’: what is their Christian background and formation; how has it informed their political values and agenda, their priorities and their rhetoric; and what does all this say about Christianity and contemporary political power.
The first in the series - partly because he is in the news and partly to show that this isn't an excerise in Christian PR! - is Vladimir Putin, a man whose Christian faith is as indisputable as everything else in his life. Next month: Angela Merkel
We would like to thank Simon Mabon and his students at Lancaster University for their early work on this project, and also to invite readers to alert us to evidence about and academic dicussion of the Christian faith of the leaders we are dicussing that we might have missed. E-mail hello@theosthinktank.co.uk if there are further sources you think we should incorporate.
Biography
Few major world leaders have been able to cultivate quite as enigmatic or obscure a public persona as Vladimir Putin. Beyond a series of basic facts, any detail on Putin's life, opinions and even career specifics is subject to a significant degree of deliberate obscurity, mythologizing, and heavily partisan interpretation. Biographies rely heavily on interviews with enemies or close allies, and officially sanctioned and carefully released information.[i] Putin’s own pronouncements are very deliberate, there seems to be a consensus that he rarely uses words without a careful consideration of the effect he is creating. The closest thing to a Putin autobiography, First Person (Ot Pervogo Litsa) typifies this.[ii] It is not an autobiography but a selection of carefully prepared interviews on particular topics with a trusted selection of Russian journalists.
It is a persona that perhaps deliberately fascinates and terrifies a Western audience, an alien image to anything that anyone in the West would want to portray. Putin cultivates the image of a hard man. Much is made of his childhood scrapping in his block with the local gangs, getting into martial arts (a hobby he still maintains), the KGB man, and latterly the strong man who is prepared to stand up to those who would weaken Russia, whether internal (the oligarchs, Chechens) and external (NATO).
For all that, certain details of his life are clear. He was born in St Petersburg (then Leningrad) in October 1952 to Vladimir and Maria. His father was a Soviet patriot who had been severely wounded in the siege of Leningrad. His mother had lived through the whole dreadful siege of Leningrad. The story Putin has told is that soon after his birth he was baptised as a baby, his mother apparently was a committed Christian, which if true was hardly unheard of but was bold at a time when religion was banned.
Rated as a good but not outstanding student, Putin’s great love as a teenager was martial arts, particularly Judo and Sambo. He was apparently a real talent, winning trophies and training relentlessly. He went to university to study law and developed a desire to join the KGB. He accomplished that aim after graduating at a time when future Premier Yuri Andropov was the head of the KGB, a man whom Putin by all accounts still holds in high regard. Despite the conspiracy theorists, Putin appears not to have been an especially prominent agent. He spent some years working in Moscow before he was sent to East Germany to work in counter-intelligence in Dresden, his only experience outside Russia. In his own words, he worked in political intelligence, collecting intelligence on parties and politicians. He denies the more exotic stories, such as that he obtained documentation on the design of Eurofighters or that he ran Hans Modrow, a prominent East German politician.[iii] He had met his future wife Lyudmila (an air hostess) in 1980 and married her in 1982 or 1983.[iv]
Putin and his family saw the end of communism first hand in Germany, but witnessed the effects of perestroika and glasnost at home only from a distance. His sense of abandonment as the Soviet system failed to support his office as the Berlin Wall came down was said to be acute. The great sell-off of state assets under the early years of the Yeltsin administration completed the effect – and perhaps goes some way to explaining the obsession with re-creating a strong Russia and Russian zone of influence.
Putin returned to Russia and after finishing a law degree came to work for Anatoly Sobchak in St Petersburg – a man who would go on to become a key patron and ally.[v] Some believe he was assigned the role by the KGB to keep an eye on the dangerous Sobchak.[vi] Others report that though Putin retained his KGB reserve role, he was not assigned to watch Sobchak but was recommended by an ally and performed no intelligence role.[vii] Whatever the truth, there is little doubt Putin soon proved a valuable asset to Sobchak and went through a series of increasingly significant roles through the early 1990s, gaining a reputation as a fixer without ever really proving himself in any election.[viii]
If how Putin came to work for Sobchak is somewhat shrouded in mystery, how he become part of Yeltsin’s inner circle and eventual successor is even more curious.[ix] In 1996, after Sobchak had lost power in St Petersburg, Putin left for Moscow and got his break in the central government via another ally, Pavel Borodin. Even Putin in talking about Borodin finding him an appointment in Moscow claims “I don’t know why”.[x] From there he rapidly went through a number of increasingly prominent positions in the infamously volatile Yeltsin presidency, including serving as head of the FSB (the successor to the KGB) and as Prime Minister. So it was that with Yeltsin's health failing Putin was named as the preferred successor.
Having become President, Putin has successfully held the position since 2000 with only a four year interlude from 2008-12 when his ally Medvedev held the reins until Putin was eligible again (Putin served that time as prime minister).[xi] In his time as president Putin has had some notable successes. For all that opinion polls (and indeed some election polls) have had their authenticity questioned, there seems little doubt that Putin has a significant support base and remarkably high level of popularity for a man who has been in office as long as he has.[xii] His economic record, at least until the last few years, has been remarkably successful, helped of course by Russia’s enormous mineral wealth.
The political power of the oligarchs has been largely curtailed. Among the group that successfully managed to strip away huge portions of previously state-owned industry for a fraction of their real value, several have been effectively exiled, imprisoned or forced to sell up large parts of their gains back to the state or else to other oligarchs better in favour with Putin. If Russian business continues to be dominated by a small sect of oligarchs, they at least have learnt the hard way to keep themselves out of the political sphere.
In foreign policy terms, Russia’s increased confidence was obvious long before the recent Ukraine crisis. Whether it was military action in Georgia or the critical role played by Putin in the 2013 dispute over the possibility of international action in Syria, Russia has been prepared to play an increasingly prominent role in recent years. The decision to annex Crimea is only the latest in a string of efforts to shore up the Russian sphere of influence and stand up to the perceived encroaching of NATO and the EU.
Putin inspires a great deal of fear in the West.[xiii] The combination of aggressive nationalism, increased military confidence and domestic repression and human rights questions and, of course, the continued nuclear capacity is a dangerous cocktail. That notwithstanding, Putin has been a remarkably successful president and today sits as one of the most powerful world leaders.
Putin’s faith and politics
Personal Faith
Putin has been keen to present himself as a man of serious personal faith. This is a trend that has seemed to become more pronounced throughout his time in office. Cynics suggest that the increasingly confident assertion of faith is part of a broader trend of seeking a nationalist agenda as economic performance declined. However, even relatively early in his presidency Putin had spoken at times about his faith and had already formed an apparently close bond with certain members of the clergy in the early 2000s, when his popularity was at its peak.
In early meetings with then US President George Bush, Putin certainly made much of his personal faith, showing off the small aluminium cross that he wore round his neck and making much of his Christian commitment. Bush was by all accounts certainly impressed – relating the account of the meeting in his book Decision Points.[xiv] Bush, of course, was famous for his own Evangelical faith and it is entirely possible that Putin emphasised this precisely to win a friend in the US president. However, the story of this little baptismal cross is one which Putin has highlighted on several occasions and figures prominently in a passage from the biography written by Hutchins and Korobko.[xv]
The story goes that this baptismal cross was given to Putin by his Christian mother when she had him sec
http://www.theosthinktank.co.uk/comment/2015/11/26/the-mighty-and-the-almighty-vladimir-putin
Alister Campbell’s “We don’t do God” is one of most (mis)quoted soundbites of the age but, however much it might have been right concerning his political master (and therein lies a debate), it is certainly not true of all contemporary political leaders. Indeed, it is striking how many global political leaders are Christian believers and how far their faith shapes and is shaped by their politics – for better or for worse.
Over coming months, Theos is publishing a collection of essays that examines how a range of recent and contemporary leaders have ‘done God’: what is their Christian background and formation; how has it informed their political values and agenda, their priorities and their rhetoric; and what does all this say about Christianity and contemporary political power.
The first in the series - partly because he is in the news and partly to show that this isn't an excerise in Christian PR! - is Vladimir Putin, a man whose Christian faith is as indisputable as everything else in his life. Next month: Angela Merkel
We would like to thank Simon Mabon and his students at Lancaster University for their early work on this project, and also to invite readers to alert us to evidence about and academic dicussion of the Christian faith of the leaders we are dicussing that we might have missed. E-mail hello@theosthinktank.co.uk if there are further sources you think we should incorporate.
Biography
Few major world leaders have been able to cultivate quite as enigmatic or obscure a public persona as Vladimir Putin. Beyond a series of basic facts, any detail on Putin's life, opinions and even career specifics is subject to a significant degree of deliberate obscurity, mythologizing, and heavily partisan interpretation. Biographies rely heavily on interviews with enemies or close allies, and officially sanctioned and carefully released information.[i] Putin’s own pronouncements are very deliberate, there seems to be a consensus that he rarely uses words without a careful consideration of the effect he is creating. The closest thing to a Putin autobiography, First Person (Ot Pervogo Litsa) typifies this.[ii] It is not an autobiography but a selection of carefully prepared interviews on particular topics with a trusted selection of Russian journalists.
It is a persona that perhaps deliberately fascinates and terrifies a Western audience, an alien image to anything that anyone in the West would want to portray. Putin cultivates the image of a hard man. Much is made of his childhood scrapping in his block with the local gangs, getting into martial arts (a hobby he still maintains), the KGB man, and latterly the strong man who is prepared to stand up to those who would weaken Russia, whether internal (the oligarchs, Chechens) and external (NATO).
For all that, certain details of his life are clear. He was born in St Petersburg (then Leningrad) in October 1952 to Vladimir and Maria. His father was a Soviet patriot who had been severely wounded in the siege of Leningrad. His mother had lived through the whole dreadful siege of Leningrad. The story Putin has told is that soon after his birth he was baptised as a baby, his mother apparently was a committed Christian, which if true was hardly unheard of but was bold at a time when religion was banned.
Rated as a good but not outstanding student, Putin’s great love as a teenager was martial arts, particularly Judo and Sambo. He was apparently a real talent, winning trophies and training relentlessly. He went to university to study law and developed a desire to join the KGB. He accomplished that aim after graduating at a time when future Premier Yuri Andropov was the head of the KGB, a man whom Putin by all accounts still holds in high regard. Despite the conspiracy theorists, Putin appears not to have been an especially prominent agent. He spent some years working in Moscow before he was sent to East Germany to work in counter-intelligence in Dresden, his only experience outside Russia. In his own words, he worked in political intelligence, collecting intelligence on parties and politicians. He denies the more exotic stories, such as that he obtained documentation on the design of Eurofighters or that he ran Hans Modrow, a prominent East German politician.[iii] He had met his future wife Lyudmila (an air hostess) in 1980 and married her in 1982 or 1983.[iv]
Putin and his family saw the end of communism first hand in Germany, but witnessed the effects of perestroika and glasnost at home only from a distance. His sense of abandonment as the Soviet system failed to support his office as the Berlin Wall came down was said to be acute. The great sell-off of state assets under the early years of the Yeltsin administration completed the effect – and perhaps goes some way to explaining the obsession with re-creating a strong Russia and Russian zone of influence.
Putin returned to Russia and after finishing a law degree came to work for Anatoly Sobchak in St Petersburg – a man who would go on to become a key patron and ally.[v] Some believe he was assigned the role by the KGB to keep an eye on the dangerous Sobchak.[vi] Others report that though Putin retained his KGB reserve role, he was not assigned to watch Sobchak but was recommended by an ally and performed no intelligence role.[vii] Whatever the truth, there is little doubt Putin soon proved a valuable asset to Sobchak and went through a series of increasingly significant roles through the early 1990s, gaining a reputation as a fixer without ever really proving himself in any election.[viii]
If how Putin came to work for Sobchak is somewhat shrouded in mystery, how he become part of Yeltsin’s inner circle and eventual successor is even more curious.[ix] In 1996, after Sobchak had lost power in St Petersburg, Putin left for Moscow and got his break in the central government via another ally, Pavel Borodin. Even Putin in talking about Borodin finding him an appointment in Moscow claims “I don’t know why”.[x] From there he rapidly went through a number of increasingly prominent positions in the infamously volatile Yeltsin presidency, including serving as head of the FSB (the successor to the KGB) and as Prime Minister. So it was that with Yeltsin's health failing Putin was named as the preferred successor.
Having become President, Putin has successfully held the position since 2000 with only a four year interlude from 2008-12 when his ally Medvedev held the reins until Putin was eligible again (Putin served that time as prime minister).[xi] In his time as president Putin has had some notable successes. For all that opinion polls (and indeed some election polls) have had their authenticity questioned, there seems little doubt that Putin has a significant support base and remarkably high level of popularity for a man who has been in office as long as he has.[xii] His economic record, at least until the last few years, has been remarkably successful, helped of course by Russia’s enormous mineral wealth.
The political power of the oligarchs has been largely curtailed. Among the group that successfully managed to strip away huge portions of previously state-owned industry for a fraction of their real value, several have been effectively exiled, imprisoned or forced to sell up large parts of their gains back to the state or else to other oligarchs better in favour with Putin. If Russian business continues to be dominated by a small sect of oligarchs, they at least have learnt the hard way to keep themselves out of the political sphere.
In foreign policy terms, Russia’s increased confidence was obvious long before the recent Ukraine crisis. Whether it was military action in Georgia or the critical role played by Putin in the 2013 dispute over the possibility of international action in Syria, Russia has been prepared to play an increasingly prominent role in recent years. The decision to annex Crimea is only the latest in a string of efforts to shore up the Russian sphere of influence and stand up to the perceived encroaching of NATO and the EU.
Putin inspires a great deal of fear in the West.[xiii] The combination of aggressive nationalism, increased military confidence and domestic repression and human rights questions and, of course, the continued nuclear capacity is a dangerous cocktail. That notwithstanding, Putin has been a remarkably successful president and today sits as one of the most powerful world leaders.
Putin’s faith and politics
Personal Faith
Putin has been keen to present himself as a man of serious personal faith. This is a trend that has seemed to become more pronounced throughout his time in office. Cynics suggest that the increasingly confident assertion of faith is part of a broader trend of seeking a nationalist agenda as economic performance declined. However, even relatively early in his presidency Putin had spoken at times about his faith and had already formed an apparently close bond with certain members of the clergy in the early 2000s, when his popularity was at its peak.
In early meetings with then US President George Bush, Putin certainly made much of his personal faith, showing off the small aluminium cross that he wore round his neck and making much of his Christian commitment. Bush was by all accounts certainly impressed – relating the account of the meeting in his book Decision Points.[xiv] Bush, of course, was famous for his own Evangelical faith and it is entirely possible that Putin emphasised this precisely to win a friend in the US president. However, the story of this little baptismal cross is one which Putin has highlighted on several occasions and figures prominently in a passage from the biography written by Hutchins and Korobko.[xv]
The story goes that this baptismal cross was given to Putin by his Christian mother when she had him sec
^^ Могучий и Всемогущий: Владимир Путин
http://www.theosthinktank.co.uk/comment/2015/11/26/the-mighty-and-the-almighty-vladimir-putin
«Мы не делаем Бога» Алистера Кэмпбелла - один из самых (ошибочно) цитируемых звуковых фрагментов эпохи, но, как бы много он ни был прав в отношении своего политического мастера (и в этом заключается дискуссия), это, безусловно, неверно для всех современные политические лидеры. Действительно, поразительно, сколько мировых политических лидеров являются верующими христианами и как далеко их вера формируется и определяется их политикой - к лучшему или к худшему.
В ближайшие месяцы Теос публикует сборник очерков, в которых анализируется, как ряд современных и современных лидеров «сделали Бога»: каковы их христианские корни и образование; как она проинформировала их политические ценности и повестку дня, свои приоритеты и свою риторику; и что все это говорит о христианстве и современной политической власти.
Первым в серии - отчасти потому, что он в новостях, а отчасти, чтобы показать, что это не исключение в христианском пиаре! - это Владимир Путин, человек, чья христианская вера столь же бесспорна, как и все остальное в его жизни. В следующем месяце: Ангела Меркель
Мы хотели бы поблагодарить Саймона Мабона и его учеников в Университете Ланкастера за их раннюю работу над этим проектом, а также пригласить читателей, чтобы они предупредили нас о свидетельствах и академических убеждениях христианской веры лидеров, о которых мы говорим, что мы, возможно, пропустили , Электронная почта hello@theosthinktank.co.uk, если есть дополнительные источники, которые, по вашему мнению, мы должны включить.
биография
Немногие крупные мировые лидеры смогли создать такую загадочную или непонятную публичную личность, как Владимир Путин. Помимо ряда основных фактов, любые подробности жизни Путина, его мнения и даже особенности карьеры подвержены значительной степени преднамеренной неясности, мифологизации и в значительной степени пристрастной интерпретации. Биографии в значительной степени опираются на интервью с врагами или близкими союзниками, а также на официальную санкцию и тщательно обнародованную информацию. [I] Собственные заявления Путина очень преднамеренные, похоже, существует консенсус в отношении того, что он редко использует слова без тщательного рассмотрения эффекта, который он создает. , Самое близкое к путинской автобиографии первое лицо («От первого лица») это типично. [Ii] Это не автобиография, а подборка тщательно подготовленных интервью по конкретным темам с надежным выбором российских журналистов.
Это персона, которая, возможно, намеренно очаровывает и ужасает западную аудиторию, чуждый образ всего, что кто-либо на Западе хотел бы изобразить. Путин культивирует образ жесткого человека. Многое сделано из того, что в детстве он сломался в своем блоке с местными бандами, занялся боевыми искусствами (хобби, которое он до сих пор поддерживает), человеком из КГБ и, наконец, сильным человеком, который готов противостоять тем, кто ослабит Россию, будь то внутренний (олигархи, чеченцы) и внешний (НАТО).
При этом некоторые детали его жизни понятны. Он родился в Петербурге (тогда Ленинград) в октябре 1952 года у Владимира и Марии. Его отец был советским патриотом, который был тяжело ранен во время осады Ленинграда. Его мать пережила всю ужасную осаду Ленинграда. История, рассказанная Путиным, заключается в том, что вскоре после его рождения он был крещен в младенчестве, его мать, очевидно, была убежденной христианкой, которая, хотя и была правдой, едва ли была неслыханной, но смелой в то время, когда религия была запрещена.
Оцениваемый как хороший, но не выдающийся ученик, великой любовью Путина в подростковом возрасте были боевые искусства, особенно дзюдо и самбо. Он, очевидно, был настоящим талантом, выигрывал трофеи и неустанно тренировался. Он пошел в университет, чтобы изучать право, и у него появилось желание вступить в КГБ. Он достиг этой цели после того, как получил высшее образование в то время, когда будущий премьер Юрий Андропов был главой КГБ, человеком, которого Путин по всем параметрам по-прежнему высоко ценит. Несмотря на теоретиков заговора, Путин, кажется, не был особенно видным агентом. Он провел несколько лет, работая в Москве, прежде чем его отправили в Восточную Германию для работы в контрразведке в Дрездене, его единственный опыт за пределами России. По его собственным словам, он работал в политической разведке, собирая сведения о партиях и политиках. Он отрицает более экзотические истории, такие как то, что он получил документацию о конструкции Eurofighters или что он руководил выдающимся восточногерманским политиком Гансом Модровом. [Iii] Он встретил свою будущую жену Людмилу (стюардесса) в 1980 году и женился ее в 1982 или 1983 году. [iv]
Путин и его семья увидели конец коммунизма из первых рук в Германии, но стали свидетелями последствий перестройки и гласности дома только на расстоянии. Считалось, что его чувство покинутости, когда советская система не смогла поддержать его должность после падения Берлинской стены, было острым. Большая распродажа государственных активов в первые годы правления Ельцина завершила эффект - и, возможно, каким-то образом объясняет одержимость воссозданием сильной России
http://www.theosthinktank.co.uk/comment/2015/11/26/the-mighty-and-the-almighty-vladimir-putin
«Мы не делаем Бога» Алистера Кэмпбелла - один из самых (ошибочно) цитируемых звуковых фрагментов эпохи, но, как бы много он ни был прав в отношении своего политического мастера (и в этом заключается дискуссия), это, безусловно, неверно для всех современные политические лидеры. Действительно, поразительно, сколько мировых политических лидеров являются верующими христианами и как далеко их вера формируется и определяется их политикой - к лучшему или к худшему.
В ближайшие месяцы Теос публикует сборник очерков, в которых анализируется, как ряд современных и современных лидеров «сделали Бога»: каковы их христианские корни и образование; как она проинформировала их политические ценности и повестку дня, свои приоритеты и свою риторику; и что все это говорит о христианстве и современной политической власти.
Первым в серии - отчасти потому, что он в новостях, а отчасти, чтобы показать, что это не исключение в христианском пиаре! - это Владимир Путин, человек, чья христианская вера столь же бесспорна, как и все остальное в его жизни. В следующем месяце: Ангела Меркель
Мы хотели бы поблагодарить Саймона Мабона и его учеников в Университете Ланкастера за их раннюю работу над этим проектом, а также пригласить читателей, чтобы они предупредили нас о свидетельствах и академических убеждениях христианской веры лидеров, о которых мы говорим, что мы, возможно, пропустили , Электронная почта hello@theosthinktank.co.uk, если есть дополнительные источники, которые, по вашему мнению, мы должны включить.
биография
Немногие крупные мировые лидеры смогли создать такую загадочную или непонятную публичную личность, как Владимир Путин. Помимо ряда основных фактов, любые подробности жизни Путина, его мнения и даже особенности карьеры подвержены значительной степени преднамеренной неясности, мифологизации и в значительной степени пристрастной интерпретации. Биографии в значительной степени опираются на интервью с врагами или близкими союзниками, а также на официальную санкцию и тщательно обнародованную информацию. [I] Собственные заявления Путина очень преднамеренные, похоже, существует консенсус в отношении того, что он редко использует слова без тщательного рассмотрения эффекта, который он создает. , Самое близкое к путинской автобиографии первое лицо («От первого лица») это типично. [Ii] Это не автобиография, а подборка тщательно подготовленных интервью по конкретным темам с надежным выбором российских журналистов.
Это персона, которая, возможно, намеренно очаровывает и ужасает западную аудиторию, чуждый образ всего, что кто-либо на Западе хотел бы изобразить. Путин культивирует образ жесткого человека. Многое сделано из того, что в детстве он сломался в своем блоке с местными бандами, занялся боевыми искусствами (хобби, которое он до сих пор поддерживает), человеком из КГБ и, наконец, сильным человеком, который готов противостоять тем, кто ослабит Россию, будь то внутренний (олигархи, чеченцы) и внешний (НАТО).
При этом некоторые детали его жизни понятны. Он родился в Петербурге (тогда Ленинград) в октябре 1952 года у Владимира и Марии. Его отец был советским патриотом, который был тяжело ранен во время осады Ленинграда. Его мать пережила всю ужасную осаду Ленинграда. История, рассказанная Путиным, заключается в том, что вскоре после его рождения он был крещен в младенчестве, его мать, очевидно, была убежденной христианкой, которая, хотя и была правдой, едва ли была неслыханной, но смелой в то время, когда религия была запрещена.
Оцениваемый как хороший, но не выдающийся ученик, великой любовью Путина в подростковом возрасте были боевые искусства, особенно дзюдо и самбо. Он, очевидно, был настоящим талантом, выигрывал трофеи и неустанно тренировался. Он пошел в университет, чтобы изучать право, и у него появилось желание вступить в КГБ. Он достиг этой цели после того, как получил высшее образование в то время, когда будущий премьер Юрий Андропов был главой КГБ, человеком, которого Путин по всем параметрам по-прежнему высоко ценит. Несмотря на теоретиков заговора, Путин, кажется, не был особенно видным агентом. Он провел несколько лет, работая в Москве, прежде чем его отправили в Восточную Германию для работы в контрразведке в Дрездене, его единственный опыт за пределами России. По его собственным словам, он работал в политической разведке, собирая сведения о партиях и политиках. Он отрицает более экзотические истории, такие как то, что он получил документацию о конструкции Eurofighters или что он руководил выдающимся восточногерманским политиком Гансом Модровом. [Iii] Он встретил свою будущую жену Людмилу (стюардесса) в 1980 году и женился ее в 1982 или 1983 году. [iv]
Путин и его семья увидели конец коммунизма из первых рук в Германии, но стали свидетелями последствий перестройки и гласности дома только на расстоянии. Считалось, что его чувство покинутости, когда советская система не смогла поддержать его должность после падения Берлинской стены, было острым. Большая распродажа государственных активов в первые годы правления Ельцина завершила эффект - и, возможно, каким-то образом объясняет одержимость воссозданием сильной России
У записи 4 лайков,
0 репостов.
0 репостов.
Эту запись оставил(а) на своей стене Игорь Пюльзе
